What are the COVID-19 vaccines made of?

A list of all the ingredients and the reason why they are being used

Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine

(see How mRNA vaccines work)

* Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can sometimes cause allergic reactions.

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Moderna COVID-19 vaccine

(see How mRNA vaccines work)

* Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can sometimes cause allergic reactions.

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Astrazeneca/Oxford (COVISHIELD) COVID-19 vaccine

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Johnson and Johnson (Janssen) COVID-19 vaccine

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Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine

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Learn more

• 6 things you need to know about the COVID-19 vaccine ingredients

References

• Food and Drug Administration (FDA). “Pfizer vaccine – Fact sheet for recipients and care givers”

• Hack and Sack, Meridian Health. “A Simple Breakdown of the Ingredients in the COVID Vaccines”

• Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. “Information for UK recipients on COVID 19 Vaccine AstraZeneca”

• Institute for Vaccine Safety. “Excipients in Vaccines per 0.5 mL dose.”

• CDC. “Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine (Johnson & Johnson)”

• University of Oxford. “Vaccine ingredients”

• Precision vaccinations. “Sputnik V vaccine”

Contributed by: Text: Nilda Vanesa Ayala Nunez, Images: Christina Nowicki